All: What the spade found

What the spade found

The Moabite (Mesha) stone: Moab's side of 2 Kings 3

Old Testament findOld Testament

What was found. On 19 August 1868 a German missionary, F. A. Klein, was shown a black basalt stele standing at Dhiban (biblical Dibon) in Moab, east of the Dead Sea, about 3 ft 10 in high and 2 ft broad, with a rounded top, inscribed in thirty-four lines of early alphabetic script. Before it could be bought, in 1869 local Bedouin heated the stone and doused it with cold water, shattering it; the French scholar Charles Clermont-Ganneau had already taken a paper "squeeze," and from that, plus the recovered fragments, most of the text was restored. The pieces are now in the Louvre.

What it says. It is the war-memorial of Mesha, king of Moab, in his own voice and his own god's name: "I (am) Mesha, son of Chemosh-melech, king of Moab, the Dibonite… he saved me from all invaders." Mesha records that "Omri was king of Israel, and he oppressed Moab many days, for Chemosh was angry with his land," and then how he threw off Israel's rule and retook town after town, naming places the Bible also names (Nebo, Baal-Meon, Kiriathaim, Ataroth, Aroer).

The biblical connection. This is the other side of 2 Kings 3:4–5, which introduces "Mesha king of Moab" and his rebellion against Israel after Ahab's death, a foreign king confirming, and complicating, a biblical episode from his own angle. (One disputed line near the end has been read by some, notably André Lemaire, as containing the words "house of David"; the reading is uncertain and contested, so it is offered only as a possibility, not a fact.)

Sources (read live 2026-06-29 + ISBE 1915, public domain). Inscription quoted from the ISBE entry "Moabite Stone" (A. H. Sayce, citing the Smend–Socin 1886 edition); discovery and provenance per the same entry. Object: the Louvre, Paris.

---

Sources, trace every one

Every cited verse, in full. Tap any reference to open it in the reader.

  • 2 Kings 3:4bsb

    Now Mesha king of Moab was a sheep breeder, and he would render to the king of Israel a hundred thousand lambs and the wool of a hundred thousand rams.

  • 2 Kings 3:5bsb

    But after the death of Ahab, the king of Moab rebelled against the king of Israel.

  • 2 Kings 1:1bsb

    After the death of Ahab, Moab rebelled against Israel.

On contested questions we show every major view, attributed and cited, and pick no winner. Answers are synthesized from primary sources, truth you can trace, not opinion.

The Moabite (Mesha) stone: Moab's side of 2 Kings 3 · Bubble Bible