Mishnah Zavim · chapter 1

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1. 1

   הָרוֹאֶה רְאִיָּה אַחַת שֶׁל זוֹב, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, כְּשׁוֹמֶרֶת יוֹם כְּנֶגֶד יוֹם. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, כְּבַעַל קֶרִי. רָאָה אַחַת, וּבַשֵּׁנִי הִפְסִיק, וּבַשְּׁלִישִׁי רָאָה שְׁתַּיִם אוֹ אַחַת מְרֻבָּה כִשְׁתַּיִם, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, זָב גָּמוּר. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, מְטַמֵּא מִשְׁכָּב וּמוֹשָׁב, וְצָרִיךְ בִּיאַת מַיִם חַיִּים, וּפָטוּר מִן הַקָּרְבָּן. אָמַר רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יְהוּדָה, מוֹדִים בֵּית שַׁמַּאי בָּזֶה שֶׁאֵינוֹ זָב גָּמוּר. וְעַל מַה נֶּחְלְקוּ, עַל הָרוֹאֶה שְׁתַּיִם אוֹ אַחַת מְרֻבָּה כִשְׁתַּיִם, וּבַשֵּׁנִי הִפְסִיק, וּבַשְּׁלִישִׁי רָאָה אַחַת, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, זָב גָּמוּר. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, מְטַמֵּא מִשְׁכָּב וּמוֹשָׁב, וְצָרִיךְ בִּיאַת מַיִם חַיִּים, וּפָטוּר מִן הַקָּרְבָּן:

   If a man has seen one issue of zov: Bet Shammai says: he is to be compared to [a woman] who observes a day for each day. But Bet Hillel says: he is to be compared to one who has had a seminal emission. Should he see [one day] and on the second it stopped, and on the third day he saw two [issues], or one [issue] that was as copious as two: Bet Shammai says: he is a full zav. But Bet Hillel says: he defiles those objects on which he sits or lies, and must also go into running water, but he is exempt from the sacrifice. Rabbi Elazar ben Yehudah said: Bet Shammai agrees that in such a case he is not real zav. What do they disagree about? The case of one who saw two [issues], or one [issue] that was as copious as two [on one day], and stopped on the second day, and on the third day he saw another [issue]. Bet Shammai says: he is a real zav; But Bet Hillel say: he only defiles those objects on which he sits or lies, and must also go into running water, but he is exempt from the sacrifice.

2. 2

   הָרוֹאֶה קֶרִי בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי לִסְפִירַת זוֹבוֹ, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, סוֹתֵר שְׁנֵי יָמִים שֶׁלְּפָנָיו. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, לֹא סָתַר אֶלָּא יוֹמוֹ. רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר, הָרוֹאֶה בַשֵּׁנִי, סוֹתֵר אֶת שֶׁלְּפָנָיו. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, אֶחָד הָרוֹאֶה בַשֵּׁנִי וְאֶחָד הָרוֹאֶה בַשְּׁלִישִׁי, שֶׁבֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, סָתַר שְׁנֵי יָמִים שֶׁלְּפָנָיו. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, לֹא סָתַר אֶלָּא יוֹמוֹ. וּמוֹדִים בְּרוֹאֶה בָרְבִיעִי שֶׁלֹּא סָתַר אֶלָּא יוֹמוֹ, בְּרָאָה קֶרִי. אֲבָל אִם רָאָה זוֹב, אֲפִלּוּ יוֹם שְׁבִיעִי, סָתַר אֶת שֶׁלְּפָנָיו:

   If one sees an issue of semen on the third day of counting his zov: Bet Shammai says: it undoes the two preceding days; But Bet Hillel says: it undoes only that day. Rabbi Ishmael says: one who sees it on the second day, it undoes the preceding day. But Rabbi Akiva says: it matters not whether he saw it on the second day or on the third day: Bet Shammai says: it undoes the two preceding days; And Bet Hillel says: it undoes only that day. But they agree that if he saw it on the fourth day [of counting] it undoes only that day. This is if he saw semen; but he saw zov, then even if this had occurred on the seventh day, it undoes all the days that had preceded.

3. 3

   רָאָה אַחַת הַיּוֹם וּשְׁתַּיִם לְמָחָר, שְׁתַּיִם הַיּוֹם וְאַחַת לְמָחָר, שָׁלשׁ לִשְׁלשָׁה יָמִים אוֹ לִשְׁלשָׁה לֵילוֹת, הֲרֵי זֶה זָב גָּמוּר:

   If he saw one issue on one day and two on the next day, or two on one day and one on the next day, or three on three [consecutive] days, or three nights, he is a full zav.

4. 4

   רָאָה אַחַת וְהִפְסִיק כְּדֵי טְבִילָה וְסִפּוּג, וְאַחַר כָּךְ רָאָה שְׁתַּיִם אוֹ אַחַת מְרֻבָּה כִשְׁתַּיִם, אוֹ רָאָה שְׁתַּיִם אוֹ אַחַת מְרֻבָּה כִשְׁתַּיִם, וְהִפְסִיק כְּדֵי טְבִילָה וְסִפּוּג, וְאַחַר כָּךְ רָאָה אַחַת, הֲרֵי זֶה זָב גָּמוּר:

   If he saw one [issue] and it stopped long enough for an immersion and a drying, and after that he saw two issues, or one as copious as two; Or if he saw two [issues] or one as copious as two, and it stopped long enough for an immersion and a drying, and after that he again saw an issue, he is a full zav.

5. 5

   רָאָה אַחַת מְרֻבָּה כְשָׁלשׁ, שֶׁהִיא כְמִין גַּד יוֹן לַשִּׁילוֹחַ, שֶׁהֵן כְּדֵי שְׁתֵּי טְבִילוֹת וְכִשְׁנֵי סִפּוּגִין, הֲרֵי זֶה זָב גָּמוּר. רָאָה אַחַת מְרֻבָּה כִשְׁתַּיִם, מְטַמֵּא מִשְׁכָּב וּמוֹשָׁב, וְצָרִיךְ בִּיאַת מַיִם חַיִּים, וּפָטוּר מִן הַקָּרְבָּן. אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי, לֹא אָמְרוּ אַחַת מְרֻבָּה אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן יֶשׁ בָּהּ כְּדֵי שָׁלשׁ:

   If he saw one issue which was as copious as three, lasting as long [as it takes to go] from Gad-Yav to Shiloah, which is the time it would take to bathe and dry twice, he becomes a full zav. If he saw one issue which was as copious as two, he defiles [objects] on which he lies or sits and he must immerse in running water, but he is exempt from bringing a sacrifice. Rabbi Yose said: they have not spoken of "one issue as copious" unless there was sufficient to make up three.

6. 6

   רָאָה אַחַת הַיּוֹם וְאַחַת בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת, אַחַת בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת וְאַחַת לְמָחָר, אִם יָדוּעַ שֶׁמִּקְצָת הָרְאִיָּה מֵהַיּוֹם וּמִקְצָתָהּ לְמָחָר, וַדַּאי לַקָּרְבָּן וְלַטֻּמְאָה. אִם סָפֵק שֶׁמִּקְצָת הָרְאִיָּה מֵהַיּוֹם וּמִקְצָתָהּ לְמָחָר, וַדַּאי לַטֻּמְאָה וְסָפֵק לַקָּרְבָּן. רָאָה שְׁנֵי יָמִים בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת, סָפֵק לַטֻּמְאָה וְלַקָּרְבָּן. אַחַת בֵּין הַשְּׁמָשׁוֹת, סָפֵק לַטֻּמְאָה:

   If he saw one issue during the day and another at twilight, or one at twilight and the other the next day: If he knew that part of the issue occurred at day-time and part the next day, he is certain with regard to a sacrifice and uncleanness. But if it is in doubt whether part [of the issue] occurred at day-time and part on the next day he is certain with regard to uncleanness, but in one of doubt in with regard a sacrifice. If he had seen issues on two separate days at twilight, he is in doubt both with regard to defilement and with regard to a sacrifice. If [he had seen only] one issue at twilight, he is in doubt [also] with regard to [his] defilement.