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The Aramaic Bible

The Aramaic Bible · the Prophets

Targum Jonathan on the Prophets Ezekiel · chapter 10

Aramaic public domain · English where it exists, else the Bible (BSB)
What is the Aramaic Bible?

After the exile, most Jews spoke Aramaic, not Hebrew, so in the synagogue each Scripture reading was followed by an Aramaic translation read aloud, so ordinary people could follow. Those translations are the Aramaic Bible. Scholars call them the Targums.

Why it’s worth reading: a Targum doesn’t just translate, it quietly explains as it goes. So it’s a window into how the first Jewish readers actually understood a passage. Famously, the Aramaic of Isaiah 53 names the servant “the Messiah” outright.

Hebrew, Greek & the Aramaic Bible, when to use each →

Tap any Aramaic word to trace it to its Jastrow dictionary entry.

  1. :

    And I looked and saw above the expanse, above the heads of the cherubim, the likeness of a throne of sapphire.

  2. :

    And the LORD said to the man clothed in linen, “Go inside the wheelwork beneath the cherubim. Fill your hands with burning coals from among the cherubim and scatter them over the city.” And as I watched, he went in.

  3. :

    Now when the man went in, the cherubim were standing on the south side of the temple, and a cloud filled the inner court.

  4. :

    Then the glory of the LORD rose from above the cherubim and stood over the threshold of the temple. The temple was filled with the cloud, and the court was filled with the brightness of the glory of the LORD.

  5. :

    The sound of the wings of the cherubim could be heard as far as the outer court, like the voice of God Almighty when He speaks.

  6. :

    When the LORD commanded the man clothed in linen, saying, “Take fire from within the wheelwork, from among the cherubim,” the man went in and stood beside a wheel.

  7. :

    Then one of the cherubim reached out his hand and took some of the fire that was among them. And he put it into the hands of the man clothed in linen, who received it and went out.

  8. :

    (The cherubim appeared to have the form of human hands under their wings.)

  9. :

    Then I looked and saw four wheels beside the cherubim, one wheel beside each cherub. And the wheels gleamed like a beryl stone.

  10. :

    As for their appearance, all four had the same form, like a wheel within a wheel.

  11. :

    When they moved, they would go in any of the four directions, without turning as they moved. For wherever the head faced, the cherubim would go in that direction, without turning as they moved.

  12. :

    Their entire bodies, including their backs, hands, and wings, were full of eyes all around, as were their four wheels.

  13. :

    I heard the wheels being called “the whirling wheels.”

  14. :

    Each of the cherubim had four faces: the first face was that of a cherub, the second that of a man, the third that of a lion, and the fourth that of an eagle.

  15. :

    Then the cherubim rose upward. These were the living creatures I had seen by the River Kebar.

  16. :

    When the cherubim moved, the wheels moved beside them, and even when they spread their wings to rise from the ground, the wheels did not veer away from their side.

  17. :

    When the cherubim stood still, the wheels also stood still, and when they ascended, the wheels ascended with them, for the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels.

  18. :

    Then the glory of the LORD moved away from the threshold of the temple and stood above the cherubim.

  19. :

    As I watched, the cherubim lifted their wings and rose up from the ground, with the wheels beside them as they went. And they stopped at the entrance of the east gate of the house of the LORD, with the glory of the God of Israel above them.

  20. :

    These were the living creatures I had seen beneath the God of Israel by the River Kebar, and I knew that they were cherubim.

  21. :

    Each had four faces and four wings, with what looked like human hands under their wings.

  22. :

    Their faces looked like the faces I had seen by the River Kebar. Each creature went straight ahead.

Aramaic. Targum Jonathan to the Prophets, Aramaic: 'Mikraot Gedolot' (public domain), served by the Sefaria v3 API (sefaria.org)

English. The Masoretic verse (Berean Standard Bible, public domain), shown for reference, Targum Jonathan is the ancient Aramaic rendering of this verse.

We show the license-cleared original Aramaic and an established English translation, each Aramaic word traceable to a public-domain lexicon. We never machine-translate a primary text.

Targum Jonathan Ezekiel 10: word by word · Bubble Bible