The Aramaic Bible · the Prophets
Targum Jonathan on the Prophets Ezekiel · chapter 4
Aramaic public domain · English where it exists, else the Bible (BSB)What is the Aramaic Bible?
After the exile, most Jews spoke Aramaic, not Hebrew, so in the synagogue each Scripture reading was followed by an Aramaic translation read aloud, so ordinary people could follow. Those translations are the Aramaic Bible. Scholars call them the Targums.
Why it’s worth reading: a Targum doesn’t just translate, it quietly explains as it goes. So it’s a window into how the first Jewish readers actually understood a passage. Famously, the Aramaic of Isaiah 53 names the servant “the Messiah” outright.
Tap any Aramaic word to trace it to its Jastrow dictionary entry.
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“Now you, son of man, take a brick, place it before you, and draw on it the city of Jerusalem.
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Then lay siege against it: Construct a siege wall, build a ramp to it, set up camps against it, and place battering rams around it on all sides.
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Then take an iron plate and set it up as an iron wall between yourself and the city. Turn your face toward it so that it is under siege, and besiege it. This will be a sign to the house of Israel.
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Then lie down on your left side and place the iniquity of the house of Israel upon yourself. You are to bear their iniquity for the number of days you lie on your side.
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For I have assigned to you 390 days, according to the number of years of their iniquity. So you shall bear the iniquity of the house of Israel.
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When you have completed these days, lie down again, but on your right side, and bear the iniquity of the house of Judah. I have assigned to you 40 days, a day for each year.
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You must turn your face toward the siege of Jerusalem with your arm bared, and prophesy against it.
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Now behold, I will tie you up with ropes so you cannot turn from side to side until you have finished the days of your siege.
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But take wheat, barley, beans, lentils, millet, and spelt; put them in a single container and make them into bread for yourself. This is what you are to eat during the 390 days you lie on your side.
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You are to weigh out twenty shekels of food to eat each day, and you are to eat it at set times.
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You are also to measure out a sixth of a hin of water to drink, and you are to drink it at set times.
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And you shall eat the food as you would a barley cake, after you bake it over dried human excrement in the sight of the people.”
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Then the LORD said, “This is how the Israelites will eat their defiled bread among the nations to which I will banish them.”
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“Ah, Lord GOD,” I said, “I have never defiled myself. From my youth until now I have not eaten anything found dead or mauled by wild beasts. No unclean meat has ever entered my mouth.”
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“Look,” He replied, “I will let you use cow dung instead of human excrement, and you may bake your bread over that.”
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Then He told me, “Son of man, I am going to cut off the supply of food in Jerusalem. They will anxiously eat bread rationed by weight, and in despair they will drink water by measure.
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So they will lack food and water; they will be appalled at the sight of one another wasting away in their iniquity.[’’]
Aramaic. Targum Jonathan to the Prophets, Aramaic: 'Mikraot Gedolot' (public domain), served by the Sefaria v3 API (sefaria.org)
English. The Masoretic verse (Berean Standard Bible, public domain), shown for reference, Targum Jonathan is the ancient Aramaic rendering of this verse.
We show the license-cleared original Aramaic and an established English translation, each Aramaic word traceable to a public-domain lexicon. We never machine-translate a primary text.