The Aramaic Bible

The Aramaic Bible · the Prophets

Targum Jonathan on the Prophets Hosea · chapter 9

Aramaic public domain · English where it exists, else the Bible (BSB)
What is the Aramaic Bible?

After the exile, most Jews spoke Aramaic, not Hebrew, so in the synagogue each Scripture reading was followed by an Aramaic translation read aloud, so ordinary people could follow. Those translations are the Aramaic Bible. Scholars call them the Targums.

Why it’s worth reading: a Targum doesn’t just translate, it quietly explains as it goes. So it’s a window into how the first Jewish readers actually understood a passage. Famously, the Aramaic of Isaiah 53 names the servant “the Messiah” outright.

Hebrew, Greek & the Aramaic Bible, when to use each →

Tap any Aramaic word to trace it to its Jastrow dictionary entry.

  1. :

    Do not rejoice, O Israel, with exultation like the nations, for you have played the harlot against your God; you have made love for hire on every threshing floor.

  2. :

    The threshing floor and winepress will not feed them, and the new wine will fail them.

  3. :

    They will not remain in the land of the LORD; Ephraim will return to Egypt and eat unclean food in Assyria.

  4. :

    They will not pour out wine offerings to the LORD, and their sacrifices will not please Him, but will be to them like the bread of mourners; all who eat will be defiled. For their bread will be for themselves; it will not enter the house of the LORD.

  5. :

    What will you do on the appointed day, on the day of the LORD’s feast?

  6. :

    For even if they flee destruction, Egypt will gather them and Memphis will bury them. Their precious silver will be taken over by thistles, and thorns will overrun their tents.

  7. :

    The days of punishment have come; the days of retribution have arrived — let Israel know it. The prophet is called a fool, and the inspired man insane, because of the greatness of your iniquity and hostility.

  8. :

    The prophet is Ephraim’s watchman, along with my God, yet the snare of the fowler lies on all his paths. Hostility is in the house of his God!

  9. :

    They have deeply corrupted themselves as in the days of Gibeah; He will remember their guilt; He will punish their sins.

  10. :

    I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness. I saw your fathers as the firstfruits of the fig tree in its first season. But they went to Baal-peor, and consecrated themselves to Shame; so they became as detestable as the thing they loved.

  11. :

    Ephraim’s glory will fly away like a bird, with no birth, no pregnancy, and no conception.

  12. :

    Even if they raise their children, I will bereave them of each one. Yes, woe be to them when I turn away from them!

  13. :

    I have seen Ephraim, like Tyre, planted in a meadow. But Ephraim will bring out his children for slaughter.

  14. :

    Give them, O LORD— what will You give? Give them wombs that miscarry and breasts that dry up!

  15. :

    All their evil appears at Gilgal, for there I hated them. I will drive them from My house for the wickedness of their deeds. I will no longer love them; all their leaders are rebellious.

  16. :

    Ephraim is struck down; their root is withered; they cannot bear fruit. Even if they bear children, I will slay the darlings of their wombs.

  17. :

    My God will reject them because they have not obeyed Him; and they shall be wanderers among the nations.

Aramaic. Targum Jonathan to the Prophets, Aramaic: 'Mikraot Gedolot' (public domain), served by the Sefaria v3 API (sefaria.org)

English. The Masoretic verse (Berean Standard Bible, public domain), shown for reference, Targum Jonathan is the ancient Aramaic rendering of this verse.

We show the license-cleared original Aramaic and an established English translation, each Aramaic word traceable to a public-domain lexicon. We never machine-translate a primary text.

Targum Jonathan Hosea 9: word by word · Bubble Bible