The Aramaic Bible

The Aramaic Bible · the Prophets

Targum Jonathan on the Prophets Isaiah · chapter 11

Aramaic public domain · English where it exists, else the Bible (BSB)
What is the Aramaic Bible?

After the exile, most Jews spoke Aramaic, not Hebrew, so in the synagogue each Scripture reading was followed by an Aramaic translation read aloud, so ordinary people could follow. Those translations are the Aramaic Bible. Scholars call them the Targums.

Why it’s worth reading: a Targum doesn’t just translate, it quietly explains as it goes. So it’s a window into how the first Jewish readers actually understood a passage. Famously, the Aramaic of Isaiah 53 names the servant “the Messiah” outright.

Hebrew, Greek & the Aramaic Bible, when to use each →

Why it reads differently from your Bible: a Targum doesn’t just translate, it interprets as it goes, so its wording often expands or differs from the plain Hebrew. That difference is the window into how the first readers understood it.

Tap any Aramaic word to trace it to its Jastrow dictionary entry.

  1. :

    And a king shall come forth from the sons of Jesse, and from his children's children the Messiah shall be anointed.

  2. :

    And there shall dwell upon him the spirit of prophecy from before the Lord: the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the Lord.

  3. :

    He shall bring him to the fear of the Lord: and he shall not judge according to the sight of His eyes, neither reprove after the hearing of his ears.

  4. :

    But with righteousness shall he judge the poor, and reprove with faithfulness the needy of the earth; and he shall smite the sinners of the earth with the word of his mouth, and with the speech of His lips he shall slay Armillus the wicked.

  5. :

    And the righteous shall be round about him, and the workers of faith shall draw nigh unto him.

  6. :

    In the days of the Messiah of Israel peace shall be multiplied in the earth. The wolf shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall dwell with the kid; and the calf, and the lion, and the fatling together; and a little sucking child shall be leading them.

  7. :

    And the cow and the bear shall feed together, their young ones shall lie down together; and the lion shall eat straw like the ox.

  8. :

    And the sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put forth his hand on the sight of the pupil of the eyes of the cockatrice.

  9. :

    They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain, for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the fear of the Lord, as the waters cover the sea.

  10. :

    And there shall be at that time a son of the son of Jesse, who shall stand for an ensign of the people; kings shall obey him, and the place of his dwelling shall be in glory.

  11. :

    And it shall come to pass at that time, that the Lord shall add a second time His might to redeem the remnant of His people, which shall be left, from Assyria, and from Egypt, and from Pattros, and from India, and from Elam, and from Babylon, and from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea.

  12. :

    And He shall lift up an ensign for the nations, and shall assemble the scattered of Israel, and the captivity of Judah He shall gather together from the four winds of the earth.

  13. :

    The envy of the house of Ephraim shall depart, and those that oppress the house of Judah shall come to an end: those of the house of Ephraim shall not envy the house of Judah; and those of the house of Judah shall not oppress the house of Ephraim.

  14. :

    They shall be united in one mind to smite the Philistines towards the west: they shall spoil the children of the east. Against Edom and Moab they shall stretch out their hands, and the children of Ammon shall obey them.

  15. :

    And the Lord shall dry up the tongue of the Egyptian sea, and shall lift the stroke of His strength upon Euphrates by the word of His prophets, and shall smite it in seven streams, and men shall walk through it dryshod.

  16. :

    And there shall be a paved way for the remnant of His people, which shall be left, from Assyria, like as it was to Israel in the day of their coming up from the land of Egypt.

Aramaic. Targum Jonathan to the Prophets, Aramaic: 'Mikraot Gedolot' (public domain), served by the Sefaria v3 API (sefaria.org)

English. English: London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871 (Public Domain) — an established translation of the Targum itself, joined by verse number. Never an AI rendering (BB-42).

We show the license-cleared original Aramaic and an established English translation, each Aramaic word traceable to a public-domain lexicon. We never machine-translate a primary text.

Targum Jonathan Isaiah 11: word by word · Bubble Bible