Targum Jonathan on the Prophets Isaiah · chapter 5

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1. 1

   אֲמַר נְבִיָא אַשְׁבְחֵיהּ כְּעַן לְיִשְׂרָאֵל דִמְתִיל לְכַרְמָא זַרְעֵיהּ דְאַבְרָהָם רַחֲמֵי תּוּשְׁבְּחַת רַחֲמִי לְכַרְמֵי עַמִי חֲבִיבַי יִשְׂרָאֵל יְהָבִית לְהוֹן אַחֲסָנָא בְּטוּר רָם בְּאַרְעָא שְׁמֵינָא:

   The prophet said, Now I will sing unto Israel, who is like unto a vineyard, the seed of Abraham, my beloved, a song of my beloved, concerning his vineyard. My people, my beloved Israel, I gave to them an inheritance in a high mountain, in a fat land.

2. 2

   וְקַדֵשְׁתִּינוּן וְיַקַרְתִּינוּן וְקַיַמְתִּינוּן כְּמַצַב גֶפֶן בְּחִירָא וּבְנִיתָא מַקְדְשִׁי בֵינֵיהוֹן וְאַף מַדְבְּחִי יְהָבִית לְכַפָּרָא עַל חֲטָאֵיהוֹן וַאֲמַרִית דְיַעְבְּדוּן עוֹבָדִין טָבִין קֳדָמַי וְאִינוּן אַבְאִישׁוּ עוֹבָדֵיהוֹן:

   I sanctified them, and I made them glorious, I propped them up as a precious vine; and I built my sanctuary in the midst of them; and I gave also mine altar to make an atonement for their sins; and I thought that they should do good works before me, but they did evil works.

3. 3

   נְבִיָא אֲמַר לְהוֹן הָא בֵית יִשְׂרָאֵל מְרָדוּ מִן אוֹרַיְתָא וְלָא צָבָן לְמֵיתַב כְּעַן יַתְבֵי יְרוּשְׁלֵם וֶאֱנַשׁ יְהוּדָה דִינוּ כְעַן דִינָא קֳדָמַי מִן עַמִי:

   The prophet said unto them: They have revolted from the law, and are not willing to return. Now, 0 inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge now a judgment between me and my people.

4. 4

   מָה טָבָא אֲמָרִית לְמֶעְבַּד עוֹד לְעַמִי וְלָא עֲבָדִית לְהוֹן מַה דֵין אֲמָרִית דְיַעְבְּדוּן עוֹבָדִין טָבִין וְאִינוּן אַבְאִישׁוּ עוֹבָדֵיהוֹן:

   What more good could I have thought to do to them, which I have not done to them? And what is this? I have thought that they should do good; but they have done evil.

5. 5

   וּכְעַן אֲחַוֵי כְעַן לְכוֹן יַת דַאֲנָא עֲתִיד לְמֶעְבַּד לְעַמִי אֲסַלֵק שְׁכִנְתִּי מִנְהוֹן וִיהוֹן לְמִבַּז אֶתְרַע בֵּית מַקְדַשְׁהוֹן וִיהוֹן לְדָיִשׁ:

   And now, now I will tell you what I will do to my people; I will cause my Shekinah to remove from them, and they shall be for a spoil; I will break down the house of their sanctuary, and they shall be for a treading down.

6. 6

   וַאֲשַׁוִינוּן רְטִישִׁין לָא אִסְתַּעֲרוּן וְלָא יִסְתַּמָכוּן וִיהוֹן מְטַלְטְלִין וּשְׁבִיקִין וְעַל נְבִיַיָא אֲפַקֵיד דְלָא יִתְנַבּוּן עֲלֵיהוֹן נְבוּאָה:

   I will make them abandoned ones; they shall not be visited, neither shall they be supported; and they shall be cast out and forsaken. I will command the prophets that they do not prophesy to them prophecy.

7. 7

   אֲרֵי עַמָא דַייָ צְבָאוֹת בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל וֶאֱנַשׁ יְהוּדָה נִצְבָא דְחֶדְוָתֵיהּ וַאֲמָרֵית דְיַעְבְּדוּן דִינָא וְהָא אִינוּן אֲנוּסִין אֲמָרִית דְיַעְבְּדוּן זָכוּ וְהָא אִינוּן מַסְגַן חוֹבִין:

   For the people of the Lord of hosts is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant. And I thought that they should do judgment, but, behold, they are oppressors; I thought that they should do righteousness, but, behold, they are multiplying sins.

8. 8

   וַי דְמַקְפִין בֵּיתָא עַל בֵּיתָא חֲקַל אוּנְסָא בַּחֲקַלְתְּהוֹן מַקְרְבִין אָמְרִין עַד דְנַחְסִין כָּל אֲתַר וּמְדַמָן דְיָתְבִין בִּלְחוֹדֵיהוֹן בְּגַוָה דְאַרְעָא:

   Woe unto them that join house to house; the field of violence they bring nigh to their fields, saying, Until we possess every place; and they think they shall dwell alone in the midst of the land.

9. 9

   אֲמַר נְבִיָא בְּאוּדְנַי הֲוֵיתִי שָׁמַע כַּד אִתְגְזָרֵית דָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ צְבָאוֹת אִם לָא בָּתִּין סַגִיאִין לְצָדוּ יְהוֹן רַבְרְבִין וְטָבִין מִבְּלִי יָתֵיב:

   The prophet said, With mine ears I have heard when this was decreed from before the Lord of hosts, Of a truth many houses shall be desolate, even the great and the fair, without inhabitant.

10. 10

    אֲרֵי בְחוֹבָא דְלָא יְהָבוּ מַעֲשְׂרַיָא בֵּית עֲסַר אַשְׁכְּרִין דִכְרַם יַעְבְּדוּן בֵּיתָא חֲדָא וּבֵית כּוֹר זֶרַע יַעְבֵּיד תְּלַת סָאִין:

    Because of the sin of not giving tithes, the place of ten acres of vineyard shall produce one bath; and the place where a cor of seed was sown shall produce three measures.

11. 11

    וַי דִמְקַדְמִין בְּצַפְרָא לְמִשְׁתֵּי חֲמַר עַתִּיק רָדְפִין מְאַחְרִין לְמִפְטַר מְרַמְשִׁין עַל שִׁוְיֵהוֹן חֲמַר אוּנְסִין מַדְלֵיק לְהוֹן:

    Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, chasing after drink of old wine, delaying to separate; tarrying upon their couches till the dawn of the morning. The wine of oppression inflames them!

12. 12

    וַהֲוֵי עַל יְדֵי כִנוֹר וָנֵבֶל קַתְרוֹס אַבּוּבָא וְחַמְרָא מִשְׁתֵּיהוֹן וּבְאוֹרַיְתָא דַייָ לָא אִסְתַּכָּלוּ וְעוֹבֵד גְבוּרְתֵּיהּ לָא חֲזוֹ:

    And in their feasts are the harp, and the viol, the cithara, the organ, and the wine: and the law of the Lord they regard not, neither consider the work of His power.

13. 13

    בְּכֵן גָלוּ עַמִי מִבְּלִי דַעְתָּא וְיַקִירֵהוֹן מִיתוּ בְכַפְנָא וְסִגְוְהוֹן בִּבְצוֹרָתָא בְצָחוּתָא:

    Therefore my people are gone into captivity unawares, and their honourable men have died through famine, and their multitude through dryness and thirst.

14. 14

    בְּכֵן אַפְתִיאַת שְׁאוֹל נַפְשָׁהּ וּפְתָחַת פּוּמָהּ וְלֵית סוֹף וּנְחָתוּ יְקָרְהוֹן וְסִגְוְהוֹן וְאִתְרְגוּשְׁתְּהוֹן וְדִתְקוֹף בְּהוֹן:

    Therefore hell hath enlarged herself, and opened her mouth without measure, and their nobles, and their multitudes, and their tumultuous assemblies, and he that is strong among them, shall descend into it.

15. 15

    וְיִמְאַךְ אֱנָשָׁא וְיֶחְלַשׁ תְּקוֹף גַבְרִין וְעֵינֵי רְמַיָא יִמְאֲכוּן:

    And the mean man shall be humbled, and the strength of the strong shall be weakened, and the eyes of the lofty shall be humbled.

16. 16

    וּתְקֵיף יְיָ צְבָאוֹת בְּדִינָא וֵאלָהָא קַדִישָׁא קַדִישׁ בִּזְכוּתָא:

    And the Lord of hosts shall be mighty in judgment, and the holy God shall be sanctified in righteousness.

17. 17

    וְיִתְפַּרְנְסוּן צַדִיקַיָא כְּמָא דַאֲמִיר עֲלֵיהוֹן יִסְגוֹן וְנִכְסֵי רַשִׁיעַיָא צַדִיקַיָא יַחְסְנוּן:

    And the righteous shall be fed, as it is promised concerning them, and they shall multiply; and the substance of the ungodly shall the righteous possess.

18. 18

    וַי דִמְשָׁרָן לְמֶחֱטֵי צַבְחַר נַגְדִין חוֹבִין בְּחַבְלֵי לְמָא אָזְלִין סָגָן עַד דְתַקִיפִין וְכִגְדִילַת עֶגְלְתָא חוֹבִין:

    Woe to them that begin to sin by little, drawing sins with the ropes of vanity, and they go on and increase until that they are strong, and their sins are as a cart-rope.

19. 19

    דְאָמְרִין אֵימָתַי יוֹחֵי וִיגַלֵי פְּרִשְׁתֵּיהּ בְּדִיל דְנֶחֱזֵי וְיִקְרַב וְיֵיתֵי מַלְכֵי דְקַדִישָׁא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְנֵדְעִינֵיהּ:

    That say, When will He hasten and reveal His miracle, that we may see it: and let the counsel of the Holy One of Israel draw nigh and come, that we may know it!

20. 20

    וַי דְאָמְרִין לְרַשִׁיעַיָא דְמַצְלְחִין בְּעַלְמָא הָדֵין אַתּוּן טָבַיָא וּלְעִנְוְתָנַיָא אָמְרִין אַתּוּן רַשִׁיעַיָא הֲלָא בְּמֵיתֵי נְהוֹרָא לְצַדִיקַיָא יַחֲשׁוֹךְ לְרַשִׁיעַיָא וִיבַסְמוּן פִּתְגָמֵי אוֹרַיְתָא לְעָבְדֵיהוֹן וְיֵיתֵי מֵרְדָא לְרַשִׁיעַיָא וְיֵדְעוּן דִבְסוֹפָא מְרִיר חֶטְאָה לֶעָבְדֵיהּ:

    Woe to them that say to the wicked who prosper in this world, Ye are good; and say to the meek, Ye are wicked. What, is it not so? When light cometh to the righteous, shall it not be dark with the wicked? And the words of the law shall be sweet to them that do them; but bitterness shall come to the wicked, and they shall know that in the end sin is bitter to them that commit it.

21. 21

    וַי דְחַכִּימִין בְּעֵינֵי נַפְשְׁהוֹן וְקָבֵיל אַפֵּיהוֹן סוּכְלְתָנִין:

    Woe unto them that are wise in their own eyes, and prudent in their own sight!

22. 22

    וַי דְגִבָּרִין לְמִשְׁתֵּי חֲמַר וְגִבָּרִין מָרֵי נִכְסִין לְאִתְרַוָאָה מִן עַתִּיק:

    Woe unto them that are mighty to drink wine, and mighty lords of riches, to make themselves drunk with old wine.

23. 23

    מְזַכָּן לֵיהּ לְחַיָבָא חֲלַף דִמְקַבְּלִין מִנֵיהּ מָמוֹן דִשְׁקַר וּזְכוּת זַכַּיָא בִרְשַׁע מַעֲדָן מִנְהוֹן:

    Who justify the guilty in order to receive from him the mammon of falsehood, and wickedly take away the righteousness of the righteous from him.

24. 24

    בְּכֵן יִתְאַכְּלוּן כְּקַשָׁא בְּאֶשְׁתָּא וְכַעֲמִירָא בְּשַׁלְהוֹבִיתָא מַסְגַן תּוּקְפְהוֹן כִּשְׁבַז יְהֵי וּמָמוֹן אוּנְסֵיהוֹן כְּאַבְקָא דְפָרַח אֲרֵי קָצוּ בְּאוֹרַיְתָא דַייָ צְבָאוֹת וְיַת מֵימַר קַדִישָׁא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל רְחִיקוּ:

    Therefore they shall be devoured as stubble in the fire, and like dry hay in the flame; they are multiplying their strength, it shall be like an ulcer, and the money of their oppression, as the dust that flieth away: because they despised the law of the Lord of hosts, and rejected the Word, the Holy One of Israel.

25. 25

    עַל כֵּן תְּקֵיף רוּגְזָא דַייָ צְבָאוֹת בְּעַמֵיהּ וַאֲרִים מְחַת גְבוּרְתֵּיהּ עֲלֵיהוֹן כַּד מְחָנוּן וְזָעוּ טוּרַיָא וַהֲוָאָה נְבֶלְתְּהוֹן מְשַׁגְרָן כְּסָחִיתָא בְּגוֹ שׁוּקַיָא בְכָל דָא לָא תָבוּ מֵחוֹבֵיהוֹן דִיתוּב רוּגְזֵיהּ מִנְהוֹן וְעַד כְּעַן מַתְקְפִין מַרְדֵיהוֹן וְעוֹד מַחֲתֵיהּ עֲתִידָא לְאִתְפְּרַע מִנְהוֹן:

    Therefore is the anger of the Lord of hosts mighty against His people, and He has lifted the stroke of His power upon them. When He smote them, then the mountains moved, and their carcasses were cast out as dung into the midst of the streets. By all this they turn not away from their sins, that His fury may turn away from them; but until now their rebellion groweth stronger, and His stroke is again to take vengeance on them.

26. 26

    וְיִזְקוֹף אָת לְעַמְמַיָא מֵרָחִיק וְיַכְלֵי לֵיהּ מִסְיָפֵי אַרְעָא וְהָא בִפְרִיעַ מְלַךְ בְּמַשִׁרְיָתֵיהּ כַּעֲנָנִין קַלִילִין יֵיתֵי:

    And He will lift up an ensign to the nations from far, and he will call him from the end of the earth: and, behold, a king with his army shall come swiftly, as light clouds.

27. 27

    לֵית דִמְשַׁלְהֵי וְלֵית דְמִתְקֵיל בֵּיהּ לָא יְנוּם וְלָא יִדְמוּךְ וְלָא יִשְׁתְּרֵי זְרִיז חַרְצֵיהּ וְלָא תִתְפְּסֵיק עַרְקַת מְסָנֵיהּ:

    None shall be weary nor stumble among them; none shall slumber nor sleep; neither shall the girdle of their loins be loosed, nor the latchet of their sandals be broken.

28. 28

    דִי גִירוֹהִי מְחַרְפִין וְכָל קַשְׁתָּתֵיהּ מְתִיחָן פַּרְסַת סוּסְוָתֵיהּ כְּטָנָרָא תַקִיפִין וְגַלְגְלוֹהִי קַלִילִין הָא כְעַלְעוֹלָא:

    Whose arrows are sharp, and their bows bent, their horses' hoofs strong like flint, and their wheels swift, behold, like a whirlwind.

29. 29

    נִיהוֹמֵי לֵיהּ כַּאַרְיָא וְיִנְהוֹם כְּבַר אַרְיְוָן וְיַכְלֵי וְיֵחוֹד בִּזָא וִישֵׁיזֵיב וְלֵית דְמַצִיל:

    His roaring shall be like a lion, and he shall roar like a young lion, yea, he shall roar, and lay hold of the prey, and shall carry it away safe, and none shall deliver it.

30. 30

    וְיַכְלֵי עֲלוֹהִי בְּעִדָנָא הַהִיא כְּאִתְרְגוּשַׁת יַמָא דְאִם יִבְעוֹן רַשִׁיעַיָא סָעֵיד מִיַתְבֵי אַרְעָא עָקָא וּתְבַר אַיְתֵי עֲלֵיהוֹן בְּרַם צַדִיקַיָא דִיהוֹן בְּשַׁעְתָּא הַהִיא יִתְכְּסוּן מִן קֳדָם בִּישְׁתָּא:

    And in that time he shall roar against them like the roaring of the sea: so that if the wicked should seek support from the inhabitants of the earth, he will bring upon them oppression and destruction; but the righteous which shall be in that hour shall be protected on account of the evil.