The Aramaic Bible

The Aramaic Bible · the Prophets

Targum Jonathan on the Prophets Nahum · chapter 1

Aramaic public domain · English where it exists, else the Bible (BSB)
What is the Aramaic Bible?

After the exile, most Jews spoke Aramaic, not Hebrew, so in the synagogue each Scripture reading was followed by an Aramaic translation read aloud, so ordinary people could follow. Those translations are the Aramaic Bible. Scholars call them the Targums.

Why it’s worth reading: a Targum doesn’t just translate, it quietly explains as it goes. So it’s a window into how the first Jewish readers actually understood a passage. Famously, the Aramaic of Isaiah 53 names the servant “the Messiah” outright.

Hebrew, Greek & the Aramaic Bible, when to use each →

Tap any Aramaic word to trace it to its Jastrow dictionary entry.

  1. :

    This is the burden against Nineveh, the book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite:

  2. :

    The LORD is a jealous and avenging God; the LORD is avenging and full of wrath. The LORD takes vengeance on His foes and reserves wrath for His enemies.

  3. :

    The LORD is slow to anger and great in power; the LORD will by no means leave the guilty unpunished. His path is in the whirlwind and storm, and clouds are the dust beneath His feet.

  4. :

    He rebukes the sea and dries it up; He makes all the rivers run dry. Bashan and Carmel wither, and the flower of Lebanon wilts.

  5. :

    The mountains quake before Him, and the hills melt away; the earth trembles at His presence— the world and all its dwellers.

  6. :

    Who can withstand His indignation? Who can endure His burning anger? His wrath is poured out like fire; even rocks are shattered before Him.

  7. :

    The LORD is good, a stronghold in the day of distress; He cares for those who trust in Him.

  8. :

    But with an overwhelming flood He will make an end of Nineveh and pursue His enemies into darkness.

  9. :

    Whatever you plot against the LORD, He will bring to an end. Affliction will not rise up a second time.

  10. :

    For they will be entangled as with thorns and consumed like the drink of a drunkard — like stubble that is fully dry.

  11. :

    From you, O Nineveh, comes forth a plotter of evil against the LORD, a counselor of wickedness.

  12. :

    This is what the LORD says: “Though they are allied and numerous, yet they will be cut down and pass away. Though I have afflicted you, O Judah, I will afflict you no longer.

  13. :

    For I will now break their yoke from your neck and tear away your shackles.”

  14. :

    The LORD has issued a command concerning you, O Nineveh: “There will be no descendants to carry on your name. I will cut off the carved image and cast idol from the house of your gods; I will prepare your grave, for you are contemptible.”

  15. (The original for this passage is being added.)

    Look to the mountains— the feet of one who brings good news, who proclaims peace! Celebrate your feasts, O Judah; fulfill your vows. For the wicked will never again march through you; they will be utterly cut off.

Aramaic. Targum Jonathan to the Prophets, Aramaic: 'Mikraot Gedolot' (public domain), served by the Sefaria v3 API (sefaria.org)

English. The Masoretic verse (Berean Standard Bible, public domain), shown for reference, Targum Jonathan is the ancient Aramaic rendering of this verse.

We show the license-cleared original Aramaic and an established English translation, each Aramaic word traceable to a public-domain lexicon. We never machine-translate a primary text.

Targum Jonathan Nahum 1: word by word · Bubble Bible